Chakravarti Rajagopalachari, popularly known as CR or Rajaji, was a towering figure who left an indelible mark on Indian politics. A lawyer, scholar, philosopher, and statesman, Rajaji graduated from Presidency College, Madras in 1897 and joined the Indian National Congress in 1906, actively participating in movements such as the Rowlatt Act and the Non-Cooperation Movement. Upon India’s independence in 1948, Rajagopalachari assumed the pivotal role of Governor General of India until January 1950, making him the sole Indian to hold this significant position.
He went on to join the Union Cabinet in 1950, eventually serving as the Minister of Home Affairs. In 1959, Rajaji founded the Swatantra Party, a staunch advocate of a market-based economy and champion of maximum individual freedom with minimal state interference. This bold stance propelled the Swatantra Party to become the primary opposition to the Congress in 1967.
Rajaji demonstrated his unwavering commitment to equality by appointing a Dalit member to the Salem Municipal Corporation during his tenure as chairman. His advocacy for social justice was further exemplified by the groundbreaking Temple Entry Authorization and Indemnity Act of 1939, which granted untouchables access to temple premises, despite facing substantial opposition.
Rajaji’s influence extended far beyond India, with figures like Richard Nixon and John F. Kennedy acknowledging the substantial impact of his ideas. Nixon incorporated Rajaji’s thoughts into his speeches, and Kennedy attested to the civilizing effect of his discussions with Rajaji on the US-led arms race.
Rajaji’s remarkable contributions to Indian politics were duly recognized when he was conferred with the prestigious Bharat Ratna in 1955. His unwavering dedication to humanity and equality continues to inspire generations, solidifying his well-deserved reputation as the “wisest man of India.”